Higher Education in India.

After secondary education system in India it is the higher education poses challenge to the creation of skilled mainpower. 

Higher education playes a crucial role in the supply of high level manpower for the socio-poletical and economic developement of a nation. To this end, the effective management of this educational sector becomes necessary. But, the situation in higher education is more problematic for India's participation in the global knowledge economy. The overall quality of the higher education system is well below global standards and it has shown no significant sign of improving. High-tech complain that a large majority of engneering and other and other graduates are inadequately trained and must be " re-educated," at considerable expense, by their employers or not hired at all. The large high-tech firms -such as IBM, Infosys and Wipro- have set up their own in-house academies to prepare employees for productive work.

The highly regrded Indian institutes of technology and a small number of other Indian world-class institution produce only a small number of graduates each year. Many of these graduates leave the country for employment or further education immediately after graduation.

The government's plans for expanding and upgrading higher education are inadequate both in size and scope. They are also impractical. Some of the new IITs, now in the planning stage, are located far from metropolitan areas, and convincing well-qualified faculty to relocate there will be difficult if not impossible.

On the quantitative side too, there are problems. India now educates only 10 per cent of the age group in higher education. Dropout rates among that 10 per cent are high. A growing number now attends often low-quality colleges and other institution that are not founded by government- some of which are little more than teaching shop and degree mills. currently plans to raise the participation rate to 15 per cent by 2015 - still well under what other emerging economies are now educating- seem inadequate to achieve 15 per cent participation.

From previous few years many initiatives have been taken in order to develop the status of higher education in india.

Many new colleges and universities have been opened by Indian education system in all major discipline.     

Global Gaps in Education

UNESCO warns of an impending shortage of millions of teachers across the world.

At least 2 million new teachers will be needed to achieve the second of the eight UN Millennium Development Goals, namely, universal primary education by 2015. The UNESCO Institute for Statistic' forecast is based on the staff required to maintain the present student-teacher ratio keeping in mind the growing number of student.

Another 6.2 million teachers will be needed to replace those who will retire or will give up the profession for other reason. About 1.12 million new vacancies for primary teachers will come up by 2015 in Africa alone, south of the Sahara. Other than Serbia and Palestine, only two non-African countries rank amongst the 23 nations with the greatest increase in demand for teachers.

At the same time, some countries like Nepal, Ecuador and Mongolia have substantially cut down on their teaching staff in places because of a drop in population figures per se or in the number of school-going children - a chance to redistribute budgets and focus on qualitative education instead of on quantitative efforts.