NOBEL PRIZE 2011

Physics:- The Nobel prize in Physics was awarded " for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the universes through observation of distant supernovae " with one  half to Saul Perlmutter and the other half jointly to Brian P. Schmidt and Adam G. Riess.

Nobel prizes started in 1901 to encourage scientific  experiments, promote emerging technologies, creative literature and world peace. They are given every year for worldwide achievement in Physiology or Medicine , Physics , Chemistry , Literature and for Peace . The Nobel Prize is administered by Nobel Foundation , Sweden. In 1968 , Sveriges Riksbank established The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Science in Memory of Alfred Nobel , founder of the Nobel Prize. Since the start , in 1901, there are some year when the Nobel Prize have not been awarded. The total number of times are 50, Most of them were during World War I (19-1918) and II (1939-145) . Between 1901 and 2011 ,549 Nobel and Prize in Economic Science  have been awarded, 40 to women and 509 to men . Linus Pauling is the only person to have been awarded two unshared Nobel Prizes- the 1954 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and the 1962 Nobel Peace Prize.